Thursday, January 27, 2011
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The house Judgement of Limoges: what future for prison?
The prison Limoges
(source: www.annuaires.justice.gouv.fr )
A new prison with 700 spaces will be constructed of by 2014 in the Limousin. This project will likely sign the death of the current prison Limoges. The announcement is both baffling (the prison was enlarged in 2007) and want to to its bulk. It is now echoing the closing of the house arrest of Gueret (23) in 2015. The place of location of the new prison has yet to find, even if the city Couzeix (on the outskirts of Limoges) is discussed. Moving house arrest in new buildings is positive news for those campaigning for improved conditions of detention. Remand hosting defendants awaiting trial or inmates of short duration (just under a year) have indeed serious problems of overcrowding. The inspection report of the remand of Limoges in December 2008 by the Comptroller General of places of detention highlights the problems of overcrowding and dilapidation of the building. According to the report, " the occupancy rate of the male ward is 216%, the women's quarters of 170% and the area of semi-freedom, 150%. Apart from the minors, empty and renovated, individual cells is virtually impossible in the male ward. [...] housing conditions are unworthy . "(www.cglpl.fr)
Even if the future of the prison is still unknown, opening a new prison (which includes a house of arrest and detention and / or a home center) gives the prison Limoges few alternatives to closure. The example of the house arrest of Limoges is not a marginal case. In a movement to modernize French prisons, Mr. Minister Alliot-Marie announced the closure of many prisons. Very few
valued, we see today disappearance of the prison area of the 19th century. Built in 1853, the house arrest of Limoges was commissioned in 1856. The prison then comprises three wings that converge into a surveillance room. A chapel was also built. Men, women and children (up to 150 inmates) are in prison, in cells or dormitories. Today, " the main building is constructed as a cross with a central portion which is the men's quarter (QH) and two lateral parts which comprise, on the left side, the women's quarters (QF) and UCSA and on the right side, neighborhood of semi-freedom (QSL) and the minors (QM). Besides the 3 disciplinary cells, the jail has 82 cells: -56 for men, -11 to minors, -10 for women, -5 for semi-free (four QSL for men and one QF) . (Www.cglpl.fr)
Besides the built heritage of Limoges, such as St. Stephen's Cathedral or Abbey of the Rule, the prison has its place in the social history of the city. In early 1905, strikes broke out in the revolutionary shoe factories and porcelain of the city. Demonstrators protest against conditions Work hard. On 17 April a group of 3,000 people went to the prison to issue workers, then jailed for theft.
Bloody riots in Limoges, protesters trying to break through the prison gates illustration that appeared in Le Petit Journal, April 30, 1905 (source: www.philippepoisson-hotmail.com.over -blog.com)
The photographs of Henri Manuel gives us other valuable evidence of the house arrest of Limoges in the early twentieth century. Official Photographer of the French government from 1914 to 1944, began producing Henri Manuel a large portrait of remand (Lille, Fresno, Limoges ...) and house plants (Haguenau, Montpellier, Melun ...). Made between 1929 and 1931 on the initiative of the Department of Justice, the photographs are " published in newspapers or broadcast form of postcards . (Www.rhei.revues.org/index56.html)
Held upright on his bed by the window .
Remand Limoges, 1930. Photo
Henri Manuel (source: www.justice.gouv.fr)
Supervisors stationed at the Registry office .
Remand Limoges, circa 1930 Photo
H. Manual. Collection of the National Museum of Prisons.
(source: www.criminocorpus.revues.org)
A prisoner sitting on his bed reading .
Remand of Limoges, 1930. Photo
Henri Manuel (source: www.justice.gouv.fr)
The photographer does not show here the prison as a place exclusively detention and punishment, but stressed the possibility of redemption. (Www.rhei.revues.org/index56.html) The photographer discusses the acquisition by reading or prayer. The cells are both bathed in bright light and bright. The source of light from the window of the cell to which the two prisoners are shot. Light, everywhere here, appears as the possibility of redemption, the redemption of the inmate. Henri Manuel performs a wide and comprehensive portrait of prison life: the cell (the importance of this law since cell 1875), the activities of inmates and staff. He photographed such as prison guards of Limoges, who since August 2, 1919, are called supervisors.
This prison, historic building, is fully part of the heritage of Limoges. If closing the prison is formalized, to find a new job, change career, would be a great challenge for the city. Obsolete for the most part, the prison has little chance of being retained against the many opportunities offered at the location of the prison (place Winston Churchill), near the center of Limoges. While many conservation Limoges defend the prison-compliance of the place and its identity-the prison heritage is generally little considered and valued. Today the field of 19th century prison is disappearing. Although it is too early to decide about the future of this prison, the chances that the building be preserved and restored are low.
Source: www.city-
limoges.fr
www.cglpl.fr
www.cg87.fr
www.rhei.revues.org
www.justice.gouv.fr
Monday, January 24, 2011
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From 1730, repairs are undertaken, it will be worth the inscription 'ANNO 1733' at the top of the main facade and still legible today. But following the escape of eight prisoners in 1735, a new campaign work will take place during the year 1742.
While retaining some of the buildings of the sixteenth century, the prison will be largely rebuilt in 1753.
Its history as a place of detention will continue until the Second World War, when she greeted resistant and German soldiers guilty of indiscipline. In the aftermath of the war, it will be converted back into residential and leased by the municipality to private.
It was not until 1989 that the tourist Gravelines - Les Rives de l'Aa moved into some of the buildings, specifically in the old apartment of the jailer, the other part later converted into a museum.
Especially situated on the Opal Coast, the prison is now presented by the sites as tourist "strange place" not to be missed.
The tour begins by reading a quote enigmatic, inscribed on the sundial above the main door: "Qua hora no putative" = "No one knows the hour" (On hearing of the Last Judgement - Luke 12, reprinted a verse from the Gospel).
Upstairs are the cells called "luxury", even if the term is losing its serious side to the hole that served as latrines. But cells are the most intriguing in the basement with:
-
in front of the stairs = "dark cell" which housed the insane
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left = both dungeons double oak door that was scratched reserved for criminals, sometimes tied by the ankle to the ring seal in the wall.
Visitors can also admire the graffiti on some walls, mostly dating from the WWII (faces, phrases, ...) as well as ground-floor kitchen Flemish fully restored.
Finally, the tourist office offers visitors various souvenirs for sale, like prisons or miniature coloring books (ordinary, mundane or dreary? The debate is open).
be noted that in addition to transforming this place into a museum (which must still be some back for authenticity), the administrative authorities have also found the importance of the place or rather a part by writing under the historic part of the buildings eighteenth century (facades and roofs of dungeons), by order of November 22, 1972.
- www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/inventai/patrimoine/
- www.1001loisirs.com
- www.balado.fr
- www.opale.opalenews.com
- www.koifaire.com
- www.dunkerque-tourisme.fr
- www.tourisme-gravelines.fr
Monday, January 17, 2011
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Heritage Between prison and reuse.
Today buildings located at 80 rue Brochier Marseille host services headquarters on public assistance hospitals of Marseille since 1993. Previously, these buildings had a different function. It was the prison of Saint Peter.
lintel of the entrance gate.
Its construction began in 1861. Prè s q UATRE will take years to complete the impressive building. Augustus Martin (1818-1877), architect of the department of Bouches du Rhone, drew the plans of the prison. The architect was inspired by the new prison model applied in France. Indeed, in the year s 1830, the state research to reform its prisons deemed obsolete or inappropriate to the society of the time. The government will then focuses on systems 're strange prison rs n otamment those of the United States. It pourq UOI in 1833, Alexis de Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont, two magistr ats are sent to the United States. They publish their return to "the system pe nitentiaire United States and its application in France. " Following this, other trips to the United States are organized. From the fl u of ompanies, Augustus Martin has chosen to build the prison of Saint Peter in the model said Pennsylvanian. The building adopts a plan r adiant from where the central four buildings consisting of two floors.
Voute's central district.
inner central district.
Central District East Gallery.
Central District Southeast.
The prison took office in 1864. Co the same Chave prison, the prison Saint Pierre ceased trading when the new prison Baumettes prison was operational in 1932. However, during the War Mond IALE, prison Saint Peter was reused for the internment Jews and resistance fighters. No mbreux of them are tortured e n this place and many are deported v ers other prisons or concentration camps. These events do uloureux strongly marq ues collective memory. To honor the memory of these victims, a commemorative plaque was installed on one wall of the prison.
Marcel Heuzé Reformed pastor was a native of Le Havre. Following accusations he was arrested Feb. 27, 1943. He spent his first months of incarceration at the prison of Saint Pierre de Marseille. Placed with the Jewish prisoners, he celebrated them for worship and training groups for dialogue which allowed many prisoners to confide. He transferred to the camps at Ravensbrück and Compiegne. He died a few days before the liberation of the camps (image source liensprotestants.over-blog.com).
Benjamin Cremieux was a Jewish literary critic. In 1943, he was arrested by the Germans in Marseille where he will be transported to the prison of Saint Peter. There will be tortured and deported to the prison in Fresnes as resistant. Then it will again be deported to the Buchenwald camp. This will be his ultimate destination since died there April 14, 1944 (image source wiki narbonne.fr).
Commemorative
After the Second World War, St. Pierre definitely lost prison's inmate function. However, the buildings were reused for the benefit of the administration of public assistance hospitals allowing re Staur and maintain the central nave, the wing s southeast.
View Court Northeast became a parking lot to accommodate the government employees.
Sources:
All photographs in the prison are on the site of patrImages.
http://www.prison.eu.org/article.php3?id_article=1902
Monday, January 10, 2011
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The imprisonment of the future Emperor Napoleon III
In 1836, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte is attempting uplift in Strasbourg with a handful of supporters. He hopes to raise the garrison and then march on Paris and overthrow the monarchy of July. His plan is to gather its path troops and populations along the lines of the return from Elba Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815. The choice of Strasbourg is necessary because it is an important military place. Moreover, it is a city of patriotic opposition to the regime but where Bonapartist sympathies expressed not only in garrison but also within the population. The transaction is committed on the morning of October 30, 1836, but cut short pretty quickly. The insurgents were arrested and Arcere Inc. in the guard from the barracks and then transferred to the city jail.
Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte in 1836
The end of the prison
After being closed in 1988, demolition began in December 1992. This establishment, like that of the prison of Sainte-Marguerite was replaced by the new prison in Strasbourg, which opened in September 1988. Currently, the facility has averaged between 450 and 500 inmates. There is therefore a margin of maneuver to relieve others of the Prisons Department and even the whole region Est. In February and March 1990, following the closure of the prison in Saverne, the detainees were transferred to the Detention Center of Strasbourg.
The new prison in Strasbourg (source archi-strasbourg.org)
At a cost of 225 million francs, the new prison in Strasbourg was 100% financed by the state. It is part of the new French penal landscape as well as other prisons modern and contemporary architecture, institutions such as Perpignan or Epinal example.
Sources:
http://www.ma-strasbourg.justice.fr/
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Prisoners of ENA
Building a school is to close a prison. The formula e Victor Hugo also applies to the prestigious Ecole Nationale d'Administration, headquartered in Strasbourg is installed on the very site of the former penitentiary Sainte-Marguerite.
November 1983, a delegation from the Ministry of Justice is expected to prison Sainte-Marguerite located on Green Island, a small earth embankment flanked by two arms of the Ill. The administration officials are visiting the prison ordered. The Justice Minister Robert Badinter, asked for a report on the detention center, dating back over two centuries.
Although the guards have ordered inmates to scrub the floors of the "house of correction," the two special envoys of the department discovered a sad spectacle. The corridors of the prison are in a sorry state. The tiled floor literally collapsed in many places, the walls ooze moisture, their paint peeling ... Windows bricked up only a half-light filter. To the point that the neon must be left on all day. Electric light only highlights the poverty of the place. "But the prison!" Exclaims one of two advisors to the minister.
In these cramped cells that stink saltpetre crammed into inhumane conditions two hundred and fifty prisoners sentenced to severe penalties. The administrative offices are not much better. Sixty guards did not fail also to point out to the emissaries of the minister. Return Place Vendome, the two officials signed a final report. In his reading, the Minister of Justice shall immediately take the decision to close the facility. It will still take another five years before the last prisoners of Saint Marguerit e not leave the premises, the time is building a new prison, just outside of town.
What to do when in the buildings? Destroy them? Impossible! The place is a national cultural monument. Five additional years are needed to find a new posting to the site. Edith Cresson's government finally decided to install the seat of the Ecole Nationale d'Administration.
It would have been a shame to demolish the whole. For the excavations between 1989 and 1991, before the redevelopment of buildings, in fact reveal many surprises for archaeologists. In addition to moving inmates graffiti - still visible in several executive offices of the school - a bottle was discovered behind the plastering of a room of the guard: it contained the names of some of the workers who participated in the construction of the building between 1740 and 1747! The foundations of a chapel of the thirteenth century, an impressive network of tunnels and an old stone well in the same period were also unearthed.
Is it the last vestiges of the monastery, founded by Count Werner Hunebourg in 1150, under the invocation of the Trinity? Franciscan Monastery from Rome to combat the heresy of the Brothers and Sisters "Free Spirit" in 1220? Or a Dominican church whose construction related chronic in the area between 1224 and 1230? We can not identify with certainty the origin of this building. What is certain is that he belonged to one of these orders landed in Alsace, between the twelfth and thirteenth century, to regain control of a population quick to get rid of papal authority.
Another certainty: some Rulman Merswin, banker converted to Catholicism 40 years at the most mystical, gave financial support to the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem to acquire these places in the next century. This religious order, founded around 1056 to come in first aid to injured or sick pilgrims on their way to the Holy Land, then heavily involved in the crusades successive hitherto lacked any facility in Alsace. Located in Spain, Italy, Germany and to England, his monk-soldiers are not, at that time present in the south of France. Fortune important amassed in favor of expeditions against the Turks and donations of many loyal seduced by their campaigns from the East, should enable them to acquire very important land in eastern France. The Commandery Saint-Jean-de-l'Ile Green, as it is called at the time, one of them.
Partly transformed into a hospital during the great plague epidemic that ravaged the city in 1439, the premises are occupied throughout the fifteenth century by the monk-soldiers. The front of the hospice, redesigned several times, is still visible. Is that of the entrance building of the ENA, surmounted by a narrow tower. The trompe l'oeil and mullioned windows of the guardhouse to the left of the entrance gate, date, meanwhile, 1548.
Monastery is severely damaged as a result of the Thirty Years War bereaved Alsace between 1618 and 1648. Protestants expelled then Johannites. Where after the Treaty of Nijmegen (1679) and the victory of Louis XIV, Strasbourg became French again (1681), Vauban installed along the St. John Commandery, a dam in case of need to flood neighborhoods south of the city. This lightens the military apparatus. It was not until 1740 to revive the place ... a grim. The municipality then decided to transform the former monastery in prison. A prison nicknamed "Raspelhaus" because the convicts are forced to shave the wood guaiac, which is said to be likely to treat syphilis. In this era, remains, apart from some inscriptions of prisoners, the clock signed Hummeger. Precision Engineering in 1861 and climb as processing sites shall not cease to amaze.
By Baldwin Eschapasse
Sources:
http://www.historia.fr/ content / search / article? id = 6661
photos Sources:
http://www.archi-strasbourg.org/
Facades and roofs of all buildings of the former commander of St. John and current National School of Administration were included in the inventory of Historic Monuments May 18, 1971.
In 2010, construction of an extension to existing buildings is introduced. The works are on the site of the former municipal slaughterhouse, the bridge between the old and the new building is already in place.
Some photographs of the current NAS Starsbourg:
Saturday, January 8, 2011
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detention center Riom ( images: directory of Prisons, photo by Remi Jouan)
Like many prisons Auvergne, Riom that played an important role in the Vichy regime, particularly during the Riom trial (19 February to April 15 1942) but also by hosting a number of political prisoners including Jean Zay and military like General De Lattre. With a book about it written by Robert Fourgous ( The long night of general , Editions Create), we can get a description of the composition of the prison in Riom
Built in 1858 in terms of Mallay, County Architect, House Arrest Riom is a huge building built in Volvic lava, situated close to the Courthouse and whose main facade in stone with its portal and its windows semicircular, opens up the Desaix facing the Pre-Mrs. It is an austere building - as is usually the prisons-with its walkway surrounded by a wall of 6 meters in height and windows securely demilune b arreaudées and masked by hoods wooden leave little glimpse of the prisoners a little corner of heaven ... The building stretches from north to south for a distance of 100 meters long and 50 meters wide. Irony of fate! It has the shape of a Cross of Lorraine in three parts. A Cross of Lorraine, in short, that would have an additional branch, which will host specifically General de Lattre. Past the entrance porch which houses, among others, Administrative Services, the Registry and housing function and after crossing a courtyard, one enters into a long vaulted aisle, very dark, a kind of tunnel that is travels by crossing guards that screen doors open and close as and when you pass in a sinister rattling noise that gives the prisoner a taste of prison life. The hallway leads to three pavilions cross each composed of a ground floor and a floor. Each floor is served by two stairways on both sides of this corridor central.Un fourth pavilion located at the end of the corridor is home to the women's prison and the chapel. (Robert Fourgous The long night of general , p17)
On January 7, 1941, Jean Zay is transferred to the Detention Center to Riom, where he obtained the status of political prisoner: he may receive visits from his family and with special permission from his friends, he can read newspapers and books. This scheme will be tightened several times, particularly in September 1943, after the escape of General de Lattre and April 1944. On 20 June 1944, three militiamen from Vichy under the authority of Maret, Cordier, and Develle Millou, chief of security at Vichy, Jean Zay come away from the prison of Riom. They are equipped with a transfer order signed by Baillet in Melun, director of the Prison, also militia, with instructions to Clémoz, chief of staff Darnand. Posing for resistance, the militia led Jean Zay, car, woods Cusset, near Vichy. They do it out of the car. One of them the baton, then Develle the blind, a burst of machine gun fire. The killers rob the body his clothes, he tore his covenant, threw him into a ravine, "the Devil's Well", they plastiquent to prevent identification. Two hunters are discovering, by chance, 22 September 1946. They are without identity remains are buried anonymously Cusset. Until 1948, when Develle was arrested and confessed his crime, no trace of Jean Zay is found, despite the research undertaken and the mystery of her disappearance continues. On 22 June 1945, the Provisional Consultative Assembly pays tribute to Jean Zay disappeared, even before his trial rehabilitation (July 5, 1945). He is quoted on the Order of the Nation April 11, 1946. (Source: www.aegir.cndp.fr )
Finally, for a glimpse of daily life in the detention center in Riom, I can only refer you to this site: http://simon. jourdan.photos.pagesperso-orange.fr/txtriom.html . (photo report made December 6, 2005)
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Regarding Périgueux and its prison, located in downtown, we know it was built in 1863 and was rén ovate years between 1990-1993.
" Perigueux - Promised to close but kept
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The union FO prison, who participated Monday in a central joint technical committee of the Ministry of Justice had studied the list of prisons which should close in 2015 under the General Public Policy Revisions ( RGPP) of the State. FO's understanding that the house arrest of Périgueux was concerned, before changing his mind an hour later.
Unions vigilant
On the official document of the Directorate of Prison Administration, dated March 8, 2010, Angouleme or Perigueux as Tulle listed "establishments promised closures remain in operation. "
"There was a threat, but it does. It is doing well, "Thierry Dumonteil analysis, Interregional Delegate southern sector union FO prison.
However, vigilance is still required on the part of unions. On 12 February in his closing speech fifths Focus on prisons in France, the Justice Minister, Michele Alliot-Marie explained that an initial plan RGPP identified 83 structures in France to close because of their obsolescence.
The list was reduced to sixty, and these closures will occur between mid-2015 and 2017. Some institutions will be offset by striped new construction nearby.
"Building Quality
The house arrest of Périgueux thus escape closure dry. But is it definitive?
No comments on the part of interregional officials of Correctional Services in Bordeaux, who do not speak on the subject in this reserve period before the elections.
Moyrand Michel, the mayor of Perigueux, says being aware of a reorganization, but not closing the prison. "It's a prison-quality, well managed, a very nice outfit and matches what is expected of an institution of this kind, "he says.
The house arrest of Perigueux, commissioned in 1863, was renovated between 1990 and 1993.
It has 91 places for men serving short sentences or awaiting trial prisoners.
Sources: South West - Edition of March 10, 2010
The right of all to prison Périgueux
A permanent legal information will be released in September at the prison
Detainees may consult free lawyers, notaries and bailiffs. ARCHIVES J.-CS
"We often hear that prisons are places of non-human. Now we can say that the house arrest of Perigueux is a place where the right exists and reigns ", launched yesterday the prosecutor of Perigueux, Yves Squercioni at the signing the agreement to create a point of access to rights for detainees.
From 1 September, the prisoners can meet with free lawyers, notaries and bailiffs, the signatories of this agreement, signed also by the Director of the Prison Service and probation (SPIP) and by Reeve Dordogne, Beatrice Abollivier.
"Access to rights is a prime factor in rehabilitation," said Corinne Panetta, president of the High Court of Perigueux.
Other prisons in France are already equipped with this service. In the Dordogne, prison Neuvic has a platform of information, a bit different from the service created in Périgueux.
Free consultations
Within the prison Perigord, consultations and information sessions on family law, employment law, immigration law, labor or accommodation will be arranged. Inmates can request how their apartment or how to take certain steps. Questions become more pressing when the heavy prison door slammed shut on them, for remand or after conviction. However, based on requests from inmates themes will be tailored, three times a year.
Counsel will answer any questions outside of the criminal case for which prisoners are incarcerated.
This is supplemented by an addendum with the family mediation service to address the difficulties between parents and children during incarceration.
"The possibility of having access to information and other rights during the deprivation of liberty prepares to exit and can not let life in brackets, "says the prosecutor of Perigueux.
Objective 2011
For Reeve Dordogne, this opening to the house arrest of Perigueux is a "breakthrough" and will fight "against exclusion and discrimination, because access to rights is not a privilege and must be the same everywhere, even for families. "
Now, the goal of justice and correctional services is to extend these access rights to other establishments of the department.
"The house arrest of Perigueux is a foundation stone. We hope a mediation agreement Neuvic family, said Corinne Panetta. At Mauzac, everything is yet to be built to create a dynamic. Our goal is that in late 2010, the fee is returned in the three prisons in the Dordogne and it finds its stride in 2011. "